mbi000557
10.3205/mbi000557
urn:nbn:de:0183-mbi0005571
Case Report
Bringing discipline specificity to a generic research data management workshop concept
Fachspezifische Erweiterung eines generischen Trainings zum Forschungsdatenmanagement
Vandendorpe
Vandendorpe
Justine
J
ZB MED – Information Centre for Life Sciences, Gleueler Strasse 60, 50931 Cologne, GermanyZB MED – Information Centre for Life Sciences, Cologne, Germany
vandendorpe@zbmed.de
author
Lindstädt
Lindstädt
Birte
B
ZB MED – Information Centre for Life Sciences, Cologne, Germany
author
German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Düsseldorf
610
research data management
RDM
training
national research data infrastructure
NFDI
bio-medicine
medicine
specialist libraries
engagement methods
Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
Training
Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur
NFDI
Biomedizin
Medizin
Spezialbibliotheken
Engagement-Methoden
Research-related Services
20230913
engl
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Dieser Artikel ist ein Open-Access-Artikel und steht unter den Lizenzbedingungen der Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (Namensnennung).
1865-066X
23
1
GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information
GMS Med Bibl Inf
Forschungsnahe Dienste von (Medizin-)Bibliotheken
07
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Forschungsförderer stellen immer höhere Anforderungen an das Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM). Da der Kontext, in dem Forschungsdaten (FD) generiert werden, disziplinspezifisch ist, gilt dies auch für das FDM bzw. Schulungen zum FDM. Um allgemeine Schulungsangebote mit fachspezifischen Inhalten zu ergänzen, bieten sich Kooperationen von generisch aufgestellten FDM-Servicezentren an Hochschulen oder außeruniversitären Forschungsinstitutionen mit disziplinorientierten Einrichtungen oder Bibliotheken wie ZB MED – Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften an. In diesem Kontext hat ZB MED einen Trainingsworkshop zu FDM in der (Bio-)Medizin ins Leben gerufen, der in Zusammenarbeit mit FDM-Zentren an deutschen Universitäten mit medizinischer Fakultät für die Zielgruppe der Forschenden durchgeführt wird. Die FDM-Zentren decken dabei generische Aspekte des FDM ab und stellen ihre lokalen Dienste vor. ZB MED ergänzt dies mit (bio-)medizinspezifischen Aspekten des FDM, stellt ZB MED-Dienste vor und präsentiert Ergebnisse der Fachkonsortien der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI), an denen es beteiligt ist. In diesem Zusammenhang werden frei wiederverwendbare Trainingsmaterialien (Open Educational Resources, OER) erstellt, um Forschende im Umgang mit ihren Daten zu unterstützen. Die im Artikel dargestellten Details zum Workshop und die freie Lizenzierung ermöglichen die Übertragbarkeit auf andere Disziplinen und NFDI-Konsortien.
Research funders have increasing requirements for research data management (RDM). Given that research data (RD) is generated in a discipline-specific context, RDM must follow suit. General-purpose RD centres have thus turned to specialist institutions or libraries such as ZB MED to bring discipline-specific content to their general training offer. As a result, we developed a training workshop on RDM in (bio-)medicine for researchers to be conducted jointly with RD centres from German universities with a medical faculty. RD centres cover general aspects of RDM and introduce their local infrastructure and services; ZB MED complements this with (bio-)medicine-specific aspects of RDM, introduces ZB MED services and presents results from the national research data infrastructure (NFDI) consortia we are part of. In this context, open educational resources (OERs) were created to support researchers in handling their data. The details of the workshop outlined in the article and the free licensing enable transferability to other disciplines and NFDI consortia.
IntroductionZB MED – Information Centre for Life Sciences is an infrastructure and research centre for information and data in the life sciences. ZB MED is also the world’s largest library in medicine, health, environment, nutrition and agriculture. ZB MED aims at ensuring national provision of information and literature in these fields for the purpose of practical applications, teaching and research. Researchers at ZB MED conduct applied research (e.g. on semantic technologies, information management , and Omics data Analytics ) to improve ZB MED’s services and provide support in the life sciences. Last but not least, ZB MED also fosters open access and open data (see e.g. ZB MED Research Data Policy , in German only).Research funders have increasing requirements on research data management (RDM). For instance, Horizon Europe now requires beneficiaries to establish a data management plan (DMP) and to regularly update it . Biernacka et al. identified a gap between funder requirements and the knowledge of researchers . Although generic training materials on RDM can be found (e.g. , ), discipline-specific ones are more difficult to come across. Yet, discipline-specific training materials are essential as the context in which research data is generated is discipline-specific and, in some cases, varies greatly. For instance, personal health data collection requires informed consent, their access has to be monitored and restricted where necessary, and their analysis can require mobile algorithms (i.e. algorithms that are sent over the internet to access and analyse a remote data set (data set that does not move, virtually or otherwise) ).After giving requested training workshops on RDM in (<![CDATA[bio-)m</PlainText></TextGroup>edicine at three institutions, ZB MED decided to develop a concept that would be suitable as an offer for German universities with a faculty of medicine, health sciences, public health, or similar. These research fields were selected because of the demand, and because of ZB MED involvement in the National Research Data Infrastructure for Personal Health Data (NFDI4Health) which was being launched at the time of concept development. The aim of the workshop is to support (bio-)medical researchers with training opportunities tailored to their local RDM infrastructure and services. We promoted our concept by email to 35 RD centres. This effort resulted in 17 institutions collaborating with us. As a result, <TextGroup><PlainText>16 w</PlainText></TextGroup>orkshops and three lectures were held with these institutions (see e.g. <TextLink reference="9"></TextLink>), with a further four workshops and one lecture in preparation (as of August 2023).</Pgraph></TextBlock>
<TextBlock linked="yes" name="Creating a (bio-)medicine-specific RDM training workshop">
<MainHeadline>Creating a (bio-)medicine-specific RDM training workshop</MainHeadline><SubHeadline>Developing the underlying concept</SubHeadline><Pgraph>To develop our concept, we collaborated with RD centres from German universities with a faculty of medicine, health sciences, public health, or similar (referred to as partners below). Collaborating with such partners enables us to reach researchers and tailor our workshop to the RDM infrastructure and services of their institution. </Pgraph><Pgraph>We contact potential partners by email and then have a first online meeting following a protocol template to ensure we cover all the main topics (i.e. concept, number of participants, registrations, platform for online training, moderation, slides, engagement methods, and feedback). We also contact established partners by email to offer further workshops. </Pgraph><SubHeadline>Workshop design</SubHeadline><SubHeadline2>Steps in designing the workshop concept</SubHeadline2><Pgraph>To develop our workshop concept, we first gathered existing materials from previous workshops and from presentations on specific topics (e.g. on electronic lab notebooks (ELNs)). To adjust these materials, we then determined our target group. We selected the target group at the intersection between those of ZB MED and <TextGroup><PlainText>NFDI4Health</PlainText></TextGroup>, i.e. all-qualification-level (bio-)medical researchers. We then wrote an outline, based on which we created freely reusable materials: a registration template (detailed below), a teaching script (see Appendix A (Attachment 1 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="1"/>)) and slides <TextLink reference="10"></TextLink>. As suggested by Biernacka et al. <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>, we included diverse activation methods to increase active participation. To test our concept, we gave a first pilot training workshop after which we gathered feedback. The feedback received after this workshop and subsequent ones is summarised in the section Prospects. Based on this feedback, as well as on researchers’ needs and wishes, we regularly update our teaching materials and rethink our strategy.</Pgraph><Pgraph>During the workshop, partners cover general aspects of RDM and introduce their local infrastructure and service<TextGroup><PlainText>s; we</PlainText></TextGroup> complement this with (bio-)medicine-specifi<TextGroup><PlainText>c a</PlainText></TextGroup>spects of RDM, introduce ZB MED services and present results from the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) consortia we are part of: NFDI for Personal Health Data (NFDI4Health), NFDI for Microbiota Research (<TextGroup><PlainText>NFDI4Microbiota</PlainText></TextGroup>) and FAIR Data Infrastructure for Agrosystems (FAIRagro) (see Figure 1 <ImgLink imgNo="1" imgType="figure"/>). As FAIRagro has just been launched in March 2023, results from this consortium will only be presented in the future and for a different target group.</Pgraph><SubHeadline2>Outline</SubHeadline2><Pgraph>The workshop starts with welcoming the participants, introducing ourselves, and explaining the practical details. </Pgraph><Pgraph>We then continue with the fundamental concepts of RDM and associated NFDI4Health results: research data, research data management (RDM), metadata & metadata standards (e.g. NFDI4Health Metadata Schema <TextLink reference="11"></TextLink>), FAIR data principles, good scientific practice and policie<TextGroup><PlainText>s &</PlainText></TextGroup> guidelines on managing research data (e.g. <TextGroup><PlainText>NFDI4Health</PlainText></TextGroup> Publication Policy <TextLink reference="12"></TextLink>).</Pgraph><Pgraph>This part is then followed by the different steps of the research data life cycle (Figure 2 <ImgLink imgNo="2" imgType="figure"/>) and associated results from NFDI4Health and NFDI4Microbiota, along with <TextGroup><PlainText>ZB MED</PlainText></TextGroup> services. The majority of <TextGroup><PlainText>ZB MED</PlainText></TextGroup> services we present are offered by PUBLISSO, which is the open access publishing portal for life sciences run by ZB MED. For the planning step, we introduce PUBLISSO – RDMO4Life (<Hyperlink href="https://rdmo.publisso.de/">https://rdmo.publisso.de/</Hyperlink>), a dedicated version of the Research Data Management Organiser (RDMO) for all research institutions that work in the field of life sciences. For the data collection step, we present the NFDI4Microbiota collection of standard operating procedures (SOPs) and we show PUBLISSO – ELN video tutorials that highlight the benefits, usability and workflows of ELNs <TextLink reference="13"></TextLink>. We also present two helpful resources for institutions and researchers that are in the process of selecting and implementing the best ELN for their institution: the PUBLISSO – ELN Guide <TextLink reference="14"></TextLink> and the ELN Finder (<Hyperlink href="https://eln-finder.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/home">https://eln-finder.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/home</Hyperlink>) (the latter being developed together with the University and State Library Darmstadt). For the data sharing & publishing step, we present the NFDI4Health concept for accessing personal health data. We also introduce PUBLISSO – DOI Service, by which Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) can be assigned to researchers’ output, and PUBLISSO – Repository for Life Sciences (<Hyperlink href="https://repository.publisso.de/">https://repository.publisso.de/</Hyperlink>), which publishes researchers’ output. For the data preservation step, we introduce PUBLISSO – Digital Preservation Service (<Hyperlink href="https://www.publisso.de/en/digital-preservation">https://www.publisso.de/en/digital-preservation</Hyperlink>), which archives researchers’ output, ideally forever. Finally, for the data discovery & reuse step, we introduce the Study Hub NFDI4Health COVID-19 (<Hyperlink href="https://covid19.studyhub.nfdi4health.de/">https://covid19.studyhub.nfdi4health.de/</Hyperlink>) and LIVIVO – Search Portal for Life Sciences (<Hyperlink href="https://www.livivo.de/app">https://www.livivo.de/app</Hyperlink>), which allow researchers to discover and reuse text publications and datasets.</Pgraph><Pgraph>We then close the core content of the workshop by talking about legal issues and associated NFDI4Health results: sensitive personal data (e.g. NFDI4Health data access including DataShield <TextLink reference="15"></TextLink>, Personal Health Train clients <TextLink reference="16"></TextLink>, and licences (e.g. <TextGroup><PlainText>NFDI4Health</PlainText></TextGroup> Overview CC Licences <TextLink reference="17"></TextLink>).</Pgraph><Pgraph>The workshop ends with a Q&A session. </Pgraph><Pgraph>The workshop takes one full day (09:00 to 16:30) with one lunch break and two coffee breaks, two half days (09:00 to 12:30) with two coffee breaks, or four times two hours (09:00 to 11:00) with one coffee break. Most participants prefer the last two options, and we also noticed they engage more when the workshop is split.</Pgraph><SubHeadline2>Online concept</SubHeadline2><Pgraph>Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed our workshop concept for an online environment. After the pandemic, we continued with online workshops as trainers find them more flexible and participants prefer them and find them more accessible. In this online environment, we focus on engagement methods that can be used anonymously (e.g. discussions on online whiteboards, instant polls) as we noticed they involve participants more successfully.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
<TextBlock linked="yes" name="Practical implementation of the training workshop">
<MainHeadline>Practical implementation of the training workshop</MainHeadline><SubHeadline>Number of participants</SubHeadline><Pgraph>The group is kept small (up to 30 people) to ensure successful learning outcomes with the participants <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>. If there are less than 10 registrants, we postpone the workshop, as it requires a lot of preparation. If there are more than 30 registrants, we convert the workshop into a two-hour Introductory Lecture on RDM, ending with an offer of subsequent workshops on specific topics.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Slides</SubHeadline><Pgraph>We provide partners with an online neutral slide template and encourage every trainer to directly work in the template to maintain a certain homogeneity. We also provide slides from past workshops and our own full slide deck <TextLink reference="10"></TextLink> as examples. The slides are shared with the participants with a CC BY licence after the workshop.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Shared folder</SubHeadline><Pgraph>To best prepare for the workshop, we share the following documents with partners in a shared folder of a cloud service: an outline, a teaching script (see Appendix A (Attachment 1 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="1"/>)), a registration template, a slide template, examples of past slide decks, and a list of engagement methods and instant polls for inspiration.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Interaction with researchers</SubHeadline><SubHeadline2>Registration</SubHeadline2><Pgraph>We leave the responsibility of registration and promotion to partners, but we provide them with a registration template. This template includes questions whose answers allow us to adapt the workshop to the audience:</Pgraph><Pgraph><UnorderedList><ListItem level="1">What is your field of research? [Free-form answer]</ListItem><ListItem level="1">What is your career stage?</ListItem><UnorderedList><ListItem level="2">Ph.D. candidate</ListItem></UnorderedList><UnorderedList><ListItem level="2">Postdoctoral researcher</ListItem></UnorderedList><UnorderedList><ListItem level="2">Junior professor</ListItem></UnorderedList><UnorderedList><ListItem level="2">Professor</ListItem></UnorderedList><UnorderedList><ListItem level="2">Director of an institute</ListItem></UnorderedList><UnorderedList><ListItem level="2">Other (please specify)</ListItem></UnorderedList><ListItem level="1">Do you generate data in a wet lab? [Yes / No]</ListItem><ListItem level="1">Do you handle big data? [Yes / No]</ListItem><ListItem level="1">Do you handle sensitive data? [Yes / No]</ListItem><ListItem level="1">Do you write scripts, code, and/or software? [Yes / No]</ListItem><ListItem level="1">What are your expectations about the workshop? [Free-form answer]</ListItem><ListItem level="1">Please write any questions you might have about research data management. </ListItem></UnorderedList></Pgraph><Pgraph>At the beginning of the workshop, we reflect on the participants’ expectations and, for topics we are not covering, we refer them to relevant resources. We also adjust our teaching materials regularly based on expectations and questions that often arise. For instance, we added a section on Data Organisation as it was often requested.</Pgraph><SubHeadline2>Engagement methods </SubHeadline2><Pgraph>During the workshop, we include engagement methods such as Q&As, instant polls, discussions, videos, exercises, or word clouds.</Pgraph><Pgraph>For Q&A, we give participants the opportunity to ask questions before and during the workshop, and we also have a dedicated Q&A session at the end of each day.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Instant polls (see Appendix B (Attachment 2 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="2"/>)) can serve several purposes. They can act as support for the content of the workshop, for instance by asking participants to share their opinion or experience (e.g. “What data formats do you use the most?”). Polls can also be used as comprehensive checks, i.e. to test the audience's understanding (e.g. “FAIR data have to be open” [Yes / No]). Finally, polls can help in getting feedback (e.g. “Which section was the most understandable?”). </Pgraph><Pgraph>Discussions can take place with the whole group or in breakout rooms, as well as verbally or on online whiteboards. During our workshop, we typically discuss good scientific practice and privacy issues using online whiteboards. These discussions are initiated by raising questions. For more details, see our slide deck <TextLink reference="9"></TextLink>.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Playing a video during a workshop can also serve several purposes: to help hit some points, to drive a discussion, to tell stories, to re-engage or test the audience. When playing a video, it is good to express the objective right before and discuss it after. During our workshop, we typically show videos about DMPs <TextLink reference="18"></TextLink> and ELNs <TextLink reference="13"></TextLink>, mainly to hit some specific points.</Pgraph><Pgraph>The exercises we include are mainly derived from Engelhardt et al. <TextLink reference="6"></TextLink>, but we have also developed our own. In Table 1 <ImgLink imgNo="1" imgType="table"/> an exercise on metadata we created is presented as an example.</Pgraph><SubHeadline2>Post-workshop questionnaire</SubHeadline2><Pgraph>We agree on how to collect feedback during the first meeting with the partner. As the audience is composed of researchers from the partner’s institution, we encourage them to use their own feedback system. If they do not have one, we use an instant poll (see Appendix B (Attachment 2 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="2"/>)). As a more detailed follow-up of the instant poll, we also developed a feedback questionnaire with an online survey tool, broadly based on the survey from our partner Friedrich Schiller University Jena.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Training staff</SubHeadline><Pgraph>We do not have staff dedicated only to the workshops, but rather members of different teams and NFDI consortia (“Data Stewards”) collaborating on them. These people have backgrounds in information science and/or specific disciplines (e.g. biology, geography). Moreover, our staff takes part in train-the-trainer workshops such as the ones offered by fdm.nrw <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink> or The Carpentries (<Hyperlink href="https://carpentries.org/become-instructor/">https://carpentries.org/become-instructor/</Hyperlink>), which is itself based on Deans for Impact 2015 <TextLink reference="19"></TextLink>.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Timeline</SubHeadline><Pgraph>For first-time cooperation, we start preparing the workshop six to twelve months in advance. This time is required to tailor the workshop to both the partner’s institution (based on their RDM infrastructure and services) and the audience (according to their fields of research and answer to the registration questions). Six to twelve months prior to the workshop, we thus meet the partner for the first time. During this meeting, we find (a) date(s) for the workshop and agree on multiple points: the outline, the distribution of the sections and time allocation, the moderation, when the slides should be ready, engagement methods, and how to collect feedback. About two weeks before the workshop, we close the registration and check whether we have enough participants. We also have a second meeting with the partner to discuss the workshop in further detail. Seven to ten days before the workshop, the partner sends the practical details to the registrants. </Pgraph><Pgraph>For subsequent workshops with the same partner, the preparation is shortened. Potential participants must still be notified about six weeks in advance to be available for the workshop.</Pgraph><Pgraph>After the workshop, poll reports and feedback results are anonymised and uploaded to the shared folder. Poll results and online whiteboard figures are added to the slides, slides are merged into a single PDF, and the resulting slides are uploaded to the shared folder and shared with the participants by the partner. </Pgraph></TextBlock>
<TextBlock linked="yes" name="Prospects">
<MainHeadline>Prospects</MainHeadline><Pgraph>Our concept not only brings discipline specificity to RDM, but is also tailored to participants’ institutions by collaborating with their local RD centres which can introduce local infrastructure and services. Our concept is rather well accepted, both by partners and participants. Seven partners renewed their collaboration with us for a second joint training workshop.</Pgraph><Pgraph>With regard to participants, an average of 73.48% of the registrants attend the workshops, even though attendance is not mandatory. We have already trained over <TextGroup><PlainText>500 r</PlainText></TextGroup>esearchers. As we encourage partners to use their own feedback survey, it is difficult to statistically compare the feedback results. Additionally, our own feedback poll (see Appendix B (Attachment 2 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="2"/>)) has evolved over time and has recently become a feedback survey. However, some results can be combined, and general trends can be drawn from participants’ feedback.</Pgraph><Pgraph>On a scale from 1 to 5 (with 5 being the highest), participants have an average likelihood of recommending the workshop of 3.9, and they assign it an average helpfulness of 3.49.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Participants enjoy the online format, the concept, the content (particularly how to FAIRify data), the structure, the engagement methods, the numerous resources and tools we present, and having different instructors. Indeed, our workshop is built as a discussion between experts and the participants, rather than an authoritative way of presenting concepts. </Pgraph><Pgraph>On the other hand, participants would prefer to have a longer workshop split over multiple days and with coffee breaks of at least 15 minutes. They would also prefer a shorter section on fundamental concepts, and they wish for improvement on the sections of coding best practices, data repositories and digital preservation. They would also like to see more information on Big Data, more engagement methods, and more examples. </Pgraph><Pgraph>Overall, we think our workshop can be overwhelming, especially if planned as a full day event. We thus plan on reducing the number of concepts we present and, per concept, reducing theory in favour of engagement methods (e.g. worksheets, statement slam, keyword strips <TextLink reference="5"></TextLink>). To make sure these engagement methods successfully involve participants, we think it is essential to make them engage at the very beginning of each workshop day.</Pgraph><Pgraph>Based on our own experience and the feedback results, we have started to offer two-hour Introductory Lectures on RDM, followed by specialised workshops on topics chosen by participants. So far, the topics of DMPs, ELNs and reproducible data analysis have been selected by participants. We have also thought about developing “Bring Your Own Data” workshops or a type of flipped classroom: we would record a video on a specific topic, let people watch it on their own, and organise a follow-up discussion or Q&A session on the topic.</Pgraph><Pgraph>We are planning on extending our concept to the subject of agriculture with a different target group and requirements. Indeed, (bio-)medicine and health sciences have their own special requirements that justify their own concept: own and well-used metadata standards and ontologies, less developed data sharing practice in medicine, privacy issues, and big data.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
<TextBlock linked="yes" name="Appendices">
<MainHeadline>Appendices</MainHeadline><SubHeadline>Appendix A: Teaching script </SubHeadline><Pgraph>Our teaching script can be found as a spreadsheet in Attachment 1 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="1"/>. The teaching script shows the order of the units, the time expected for each unit, engagement methods and intended learning outcomes (IOLs, broadly based on Engelhardt et al. <TextLink reference="6"></TextLink>). The columns “Partner institution” and “ZB MED” indicate the possible speakers, but this is flexible.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Appendix B: Polls</SubHeadline><Pgraph>The instant polls used can be found in in Attachment 2 <AttachmentLink attachmentNo="2"/>:</Pgraph><Pgraph><UnorderedList><ListItem level="1">Icebreaker poll</ListItem><ListItem level="1">Polls on metadata, the FAIR data principles, ELNs, data processing and analysis, data sharing, and digital preservation</ListItem><ListItem level="1">Feedback poll</ListItem></UnorderedList></Pgraph></TextBlock>
<TextBlock linked="yes" name="Notes">
<MainHeadline>Notes</MainHeadline><SubHeadline>ORCIDs of the authors</SubHeadline><Pgraph><UnorderedList><ListItem level="1">Justine Vandendorpe: <Hyperlink href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9421-8582">0000-0002-9421-8582</Hyperlink></ListItem><ListItem level="1">Birte Lindstädt: <Hyperlink href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-1597">0000-0002-8251-1597</Hyperlink></ListItem></UnorderedList></Pgraph><SubHeadline>Acknowledgements</SubHeadline><Pgraph>This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 442326535 and 460129525. We thank Petra Kneib for her help with graphic design.</Pgraph><SubHeadline>Competing interests</SubHeadline><Pgraph>The authors declare that they have no competing interests.</Pgraph></TextBlock>
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<Caption><Pgraph><Mark1>Table 1: Description of the exercise on metadata</Mark1></Pgraph></Caption>
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<Caption><Pgraph><Mark1>Figure 1: Layers of our training workshop</Mark1></Pgraph></Caption>
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<Caption><Pgraph><Mark1>Figure 2. The research data life cycle and associated ZB MED services</Mark1></Pgraph></Caption>
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<AttachmentTitle>Appendix A: Teaching script</AttachmentTitle>
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